Beijing, Jul 23: China on Wednesday justified the construction of a massive hydropower dam on the Brahmaputra River in Tibet’s ecologically sensitive region, asserting it will not harm downstream countries like India and Bangladesh.
Premier Li Qiang announced the project’s start in Nyingchi City, near the Line of Actual Control with India’s Arunachal Pradesh.
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun emphasized no negative downstream impact, despite India’s growing concerns. Arunachal Pradesh Chief Minister Pema Khandu labeled the dam a “water bomb” and a major environmental threat.
India is closely monitoring the project, touted as the world’s largest hydropower dam.
In an interview, Khandu said the world’s largest dam project on the Brahmaputra river is a matter of grave concern as China is not a signatory to the international water treaty that could have forced it to abide by international norms.
“The issue is that China cannot be trusted. No one knows what they might do,” said Khandu.
The dam is expected to generate more than 300 billion kWh of electricity each year, enough to meet the annual needs of over 300 million people.
Concerns arose in India as the dam besides empowering China to control the water flow, the size and scale of it could also enable Beijing to release large amounts of water that could flood border areas on the Indian side.
Playing down the concerns of the lower riparian states, Guo said China has cooperated with them by sharing hydrological data, flood prevention and disaster alleviation.
China had necessary communication with the two countries on the project, he said, adding that China would continue to enhance cooperation with downstream countries to benefit the people along the river.
The Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson said the development of the project in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River is a matter of China’s sovereignty.
The project was aimed at building clean energy, improving local people’s lives and in response to climate change, he added.
In the planning, design and construction of the hydro power projects in the lower reaches, China strictly follows the highest industrial standards in protecting ecological environment in an all-round way, he said.
He also claimed that the development of the project will help prevent disasters along the whole river and will not have a negative impact on the downstream regions.
China has already operationalised the USD 1.5 billion Zam Hydropower Station, the largest in Tibet, in 2015, which raised concerns in India.
Critics point out that the dams in Brahmaputra present an enormous engineering challenges as the project site is located along a tectonic plate boundary where earthquakes occur frequently.
The Tibetan plateau, regarded as the roof of the world, periodically experiences earthquakes as it is located over the tectonic plates.
India and China established the Expert Level Mechanism (ELM) in 2006 to discuss various issues related to trans-border rivers under which China provides India with hydrological information on the Brahmaputra and Sutlej rivers during the flood seasons.
However, the sharing of hydrological data between the two countries hit a roadblock following the eastern Ladakh border row.
Data sharing of trans-border rivers figured in the talks between India, China Special Representatives (SRs) for border question, NSA Ajit Doval and Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, held here on December 18 last year.
Reports from Dhaka said the Chinese envoy to Bangladesh Yao Wen has assured that its dam is solely for electricity generation and will not affect water flow to downstream countries.
Yao conveyed the message during a meeting with Bangladesh Foreign Affairs Adviser Md Touhid Hossain during their meeting on July 21.
“China will not withdraw or use any water from the project and the project will not affect downstream countries,” he was quoted as saying in a media report.
